Steel Tower Design System

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS


21. In general data, the temperature range is a single number. How do i specify min and max values?
Temperature range indicates the total width of the band, above or below the medium installation temperature. In fact the contraction or extension of a steel bar is related to the total range of temperature change no matter the degrees.


22. What criteria do you use to differentiate between the boundaries of bays? Is there a catalogue of bays I can see so I can choose?
Yes there is a catalogue of usual bays. It is found at the end of the Program Installation brochure supplied in electronic document along with the programs.


23. What is the difference between S model of truss and X model of truss?
The S Truss (or bay) is simply an X Bay where the bracing divides leg members in equal parts, which is not the case in X bays.


24. IS the type of bracing in the tower face denoted by standard notation in structural engineering? (A, B C, D)
There is no standard for naming of bays. Its just a choice to help differentiate between their design.


25. Since even the mass of cables and accessories are computed, how do I calculate the mass of connection plates and bolts, and specify their position in the structure?
There is no need to supply position and weight of connections since the program itself will take care of that.


26. Does SmLoader design the geometry of connection plates between members?
SmLoader is a program designed to help users supply correct and complete data for computation and prepare information for the future drawing of the structure. Furthermore, depending on shop facilities, the connections are different.


27. When the last bay is defined, in definition of trusses, when I click save, it asks me if there is another bay equal to this one, even though all bays have been defined. Is this normal?
Yes, it is absolutely normal. The application at this level does not check at what level you are but when you ask to save it will check for the last bay and will not go further than the last one.


28. Why should there be equal bays, if bays are optimized, and higher bays should be more slender and never identical?
The reason is a question of commodity to adjust the tower heights and economy reducing the waste.


29. How do I calculate the vertical load to be applied at Bracer center?
The answer is in the Standards you are using.


30. Why is the wind loading factor asked again if the climatic norm has already been specified?
The wind effect is different from region to region and has to be specified.


31. Is there a database of wind loading for different steel cross-section geometries?
May be, but you don’t have to worry about that because Verauto will automatically resolve all that for you


32. What difference does it make if the steel structure is part of a gantry, if the gantry geometry is not optimized in parallel and stress tested together with the stress test of my antenna?
Sorry, your question is not clear or does not apply to engineering.


33. How do you distinguish between X and S truss, and when do you connect their mid points?
Please refer to question number 23


34. How do I connect the Cross point of L-shape in X or S truss?
Usually with Bolt and nut. Check that with the manufacturer.


35. Are any X or S bays with staggered bracing in contiguous faces? I don't understand this question.
Please read carefully the texts on the SmLoader’s windows (forms) and you will certainly understand, . Just to give you a hint, look at the drawings or a photo of a tower with staggered bracings on contiguous faces.


36. How can I calculate bolt diameter if I haven't obtained loading of the joints?
Loading on the joints is clear in the table of results supplied by Verauto applications. In the same table, are shown bolt diameters, stress on bolts and bearing.


37. Define bracer bolts
Bracer Bolts is defined in the window of Bracing on SmLoader.


38. Why is the operational wind speed asked again when i am specifying bolts and bracers, even though climatic conditions have already been stated?
Please read carefully the questions in the different windows of SmLoader.


39. How do i calculate the twisting moment at the top? Is this due to other objects beside the structure members? I do not understand where to obtain this value. (Same for moment of flexion, and horizontal load)
Twisting moment at tower top is usually produced by antennas mounted above the tower top. Their loads and effects are published by the antenna supplier.


40. Why am I only enabled to specify group of members with pin or fixed end connection for groups only? What if modern standards dictate that all fixed end connections are semi-rigid? Can I state intermediate values for specifying the rigidity of a joint?
This is a complex engineering problem already answered in question 17. Please refer.


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